The Impact of Modernization on Socialization

The Impact of up jumpingization on SocializationA Leader is a person who guide and breath the team to success. As a attraction, he or she essential hasten a clear vision and vivid picture of where to go and a firm grasp on what success look like and how to come upon it. A draw mustiness overly be capable to buy the farm with his or her follower on her vision and must be able to persuade them to buy into his or her idea. Moreover, he or she must too communicate passionately and clearly so that it loafer motivate them and transfer them to a gravider extent(prenominal) efficient. in any case that, as a loss drawing card, he or she must cod a responsibility on his or her follower and to nominate sure that all his or her follower sh atomic number 18 the common goal.Modernization is conceived in several ways. One of them is by means of an increased know conductge in science and technology, upstartisation as a process of wobble in the social structure and social sys tem. similarly, it is also defined as a move gaypowert of transition from traditional company of religion, magic, and superstition to a modern and postmodern society. It is free from religious matrix and traditional norms.Furthermore, the West explains modernisation as a process of mobilization, differentiation, industrialization, and secularization, which basin reach high scotch growth, stable body politic, and a capitalist economy.Modernization has brought to advance of human being life-style and it furbish ups human life easier. Modernization is non a temporal construct since the social keep on changing. It is a result of enlightenment which determine reason, freedom and science, in relation to different scenerys of society, so that modernisation march on all the time.During modernisation, thither is universal education and increase of literacy. Democratization in governmental system and education has been masterd. at that place argon also let step to the forele t of rationalization and bureaucratization in social transcription of gain.SocializationSocialization is conceived as a general process of gaining culture anthropologists drug ab phthisis the term enculturation for the process of being socialized to a particular culture. A human infant is natural without any culture. Humans p bents, teachers, friends and circumferences transform them into ethnical and socially adept animals. Socialization servings concourse to gain the language of culture they be born, or the role they are to play in life.They bequeath learn near the occupational roles that their society has store for them. For an example, boys learn how to be sons, brothers, friends, husbands, and fetchs. During the socializing process, human learn to adopt their cultures norms, which mean the conceptions of appropriate and expected fashion that are held by most members of the society.There are two types of assimilation, which are natural socialisation and planned s ocialization. When infants and youngsters explore, play and discover the social humanity well-nigh them, it is called as natural socialization. Whereas when others take actions designed to teach or train peck from infancy on, it is called as planned socialization. Both of these types of socialization quite a little have inviolable or bad features.Most people try to gain experience in life. This helps to influence their own socialization. The more we learn about the socialization process, the more effective we can be in managing our future learning in the ways that it will help us most. To gain uniformity within a society, in that location must be a successful socialization. People will share the homogeneous beliefs and expectations if all of them receive the same socialization.DiscussionThe Impact of Modernization on SocializationIn the ago, there was a bias amongst manlike and young-bearing(prenominal), especially in China country. Males were offerd educational chance wh en they are young. They could theme in school meanwhile distaff person are not allowed to exact at all. In China before modernization, womanish person are just now allowed to do house chores and help around their family. Due to the socialization in the past, they are restricted them from getting the chance to expose themselves in education, condescension and politics. Besides, pistillate are always being treated as handmaiden or a baby producer. They have to obey what the male said. Furthermore, a female person must listen to the male order and they are not allowed to involution back. Once she is born, she has to obey to her father. After married, she has to obey to her husband, then to her son.The changes of modernization has influence processes of socialization, such as learning how to retrieve, how to feel, how to be acceptable, how to be honourable and how to be masculine and feminine. This is because modernization had brought separate education opportunities and work opportunities thereof women are allowed to work and pursue their own dream as during the industrialization, there is a sudden shortage of labor. thereof cleaning lady can adjunction in the men and work self-reliantly. After the process of modernization, human think differently. They are more open minded and the bias in amidst male and female is dribble away. egg-producing(prenominal)s no longer listen to their father when choosing their husband who never meet up before. China nowadays is in progress. People pay full concern to their children no matter they are male or female. Most of them embrace womens liberation movement. Female has already got an tolerable treat as male. Females are also having the chance to study in school. Most of the parents will sent their children, no matter boy or girl to learn extra acqierement, such as drawing, dancing and arts.There is also grammatical genderual activity discrimination in India few decades ago. Female infanticide reflects t he avouchment of low status accorded to women. It is proved by the most brutal and hurtful action of anti-female bias that pervade patriarchal societies. The phenomena of sex-selective abortion, which targets female fetuses almost merely and neglect of girl children is appeared. According to John-Thor Dahlburg, In rural India, the centuries-old practice of female infanticide can still be considered a wise course of action. (Dahlburg, Where killing baby girls is no big sin,The Los Angeles TimesinThe Toronto Star, February 28, 1994.) Based on nose count statistics, in 1901, there were 972 females for every 1000 males. In the class 1993, the gender imbalance has tilted to 929 females per 1000 males. In the nearly 300 short(p) hamlets of the Usilampatti area of Tamil Nadu, as many as 196 girls died under funny circumstances, such as fed dry, made swallow poisonous powdery fertilizer and smothered with a wet towel, strangled or allowed to lust to death.In India bias against femal es is still related to the fact that Sons are called upon to provide the income they are the adepts who do most of the work in the fields. Therefore, sons are looked as a type of insurance. This shows that, the high value assumption to males decreases the value given to females. (Marina Porras,Female Infanticide and Foeticide.)Furthermore, India is a heartland of sex-selective abortion. In 1974, Amniocentesis was introduced to ascertain birth defects in a sample population by medical examination entrepreneurs. So, a jam of sex-selective abortions was followed.Due to the modernization, the phenomena of bury baby have been banned by India. It starts an misbranded legislation. So, modernization has change peoples mindset from traditional to modern. Nowadays, the status of female is as to male and people are starting to accept that female can also perform any trouble that a male can perform. Moreover as India become more and more modern, it affect the socialization so a great deal that in the year 1971, India patriarchal Minister was a female name Indhira Gandhi. From here we can see that through modernization the social structure of the India was also starting to change.Modernization has changes in reshaping economic, political and social life. It is because it not only helps explain economic, social and political change, merely it also provide most efforts at prediction. For example, tends to bring increasing urbanization, maturement occupational specialization, and higher levels of formal education in any society that undertakes it (Lerner, 1958 Deutsch, 1964). Modernization linked to a wide identify of other cultural changes. Although modernization syndrome of changes becomes probable but social change is not analog when societies move from an agrarian mode to an industrial mode.Women in Management is a current social issue. According to Jewell in 1977, the feminist movement, anti-sexual discrimination legislation, and predictions of shortages i n managerial talent during the last decade have caused to increased push for more women participate in leadership roles during the 1970s. However, in 1978, Malabre said, the progress of consolidation women into management positions has achieved resileed success.A lot of people posit that women leave out the leadership attributes and abilities required for managerial positions. Those holding this type of stereotypic check perceive women as ineffective leaders in jobs incongruent with females more traditionally passive sex role. (Bryce, 1970 Cecil, Paul, Olins, 1973 Hobart Harrick, 1977i Peters, Terborg, Jacobs 1974 Terborg et al., 1974).Bartols findings showed that leader behavior can be influenced by other factors than gender. Based on Lockheed and Hall (1976) studies, men emerged as leaders much more often than female, but there was no different in male and female leadership style. The Bales scoring technique, indicated that women let go of more tension and being more comm unicative, there was no of import difference between democratic and autocratic leader behavior patterns.Nowadays, women and men are equal, no matter where they are. The modernization process brings more job opportunities to human. Through this, women have more chances to exhibit their ability in working area. The limitation of women to be success is being narrow. It is because peoples mindsets have changed due to modernization towarfareds socialization.Sex Differences and InequalityAccording to a study by Alice Eagly, from the northwest University in 2007, she say that there is a Psychology Prejudice against women as leader. She stated that woman is being perceived as nice, friendly, socially adroit meanwhile men are dominant, assertive (behavioral skill which is linked to self esteem and considered a important communication skill), tough-minded and take charge. Thus this had lead us to the term provide Ceiling where woman is harasses and limit by the society on the job that th ey can do. Moreover, the term Glass Ceiling is also use to describe invisible barriers where minorities and women are prevented from forward to the management position in organization and stack.Moreover, if we see from the genius perspective, we can see that female is the weaker sex and male dominance is just a biological manifestation. For example, the body structure of a male is stronger than women thus man often takes up the job as a leader and protects women. Since past time, hunting and processing hard raw material as rigorously male activities whereas female will just cook, wash clothes and do the entire house chore (Peggy Reeves Sanday). Besides that Murdock and Provost suggest that female is given over to the burden of household and burden for pregnancy and infant get by. Thus female was left out and do not have the chance to become a leader. This make them to become and not born as a weaker sex due to the socialization in the past. In fact during the past few years, th ere is more and more female leader out there in the piece.FeminismFeminism is a doctrine that women should have the same economic, social, and political equality with those of men.Feminism is distinguished between sex and gender. Sex, whether male and female, is about physical differences between sexes, while gender, whether masculine or feminine, is about characteristics of behavior, psychology or demeanor, which wished to claim are culturally constructed and teach and so ultimately arbitrary. The moral and political program of gender feminism was essentially to rescind gender differences. It makes men and women would end up surviving the same kinds of lives, doing the same kinds of things, and perhaps evenlookingpretty much the same in unisex grooming and clothing.According to F.Carolyn Graglia in 1998, housewives, not men, were the prey in feminisms sights when Kate Millett decreed in 1969 that the family must go. Feminists do not speak for traditional women. Men cannot know t his, however, unless we tell them how we feel about them, our children, and our role in the home. Men must understand that our feelings towards them and our children are derided by feminists and have earned us their enmity. Whether or not this understanding garners mens support, traditional women must defend ourselves because the feminist offensive is, most essentially, a bankrupt of solidarity with us, a disavowel of the obligation to honor the Womens Pact that religious celibates, professional women, and homemakers look upon each other that women in the movement owed to us.Deborah Tannen have already explored an aspect of differences between males and females in her bestselling book You Just Dont Understand. This book is about how men and women use conversation in different ways. She said that men normally use conversation to build status, whereas women use it to establish closeness. Deborah Tannen does not commit herself to whether it caused of nature or socialization. She does not try to deal with it through moralistic exhortations to eradicate it, but simply tries to promote understanding. She thinks that men actually do care about closeness, and women also do actually care about status.Female Leaders in WorldThroughout the years, there have been lots of woman holding a leader position around the globe. This shows that modernization had brought lots of change in the socialization around the world. Woman is not weak but some of them are bound to the socialization around the place they are born.The showtime example will be Angela Merkel. She was born on July 17,1954. She is the first female and current Chancellor of Germany. She is the also the chair of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) since April 10, 2000. Moreover, she is also the President of the European Council and hot butt joint of the G8 during 2007.G8 refer to group of eight where it is comprise of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, unify kingdom and United kingdom.G8 duty was to discuss issue of mutual or global concern. Their range of topic include, law enforcement, labor, health, social development, energy, economic, foreign affairs, justice and interior, terrorism and trade. Moreover, in the year 2008, she was awarded the Charlemagne Prize in 2008 for her contribution towards the European Union for the progression she made. So from her we can see that modernization truly brought change in socialization. It made everyone has the equal chance to be a leader no matter their gender, race, or skin color. Moreover, for Angela Merkel, she is a truly remarkable figure of speech for the female as she dares to stand up for herself and believe in the change she can bring for the society.The second female leader example will be Indira Gandhi who is the prime minister of India for 14 years (3 terms). She was the first female Prime Minister for India. Her father was Jawaharlal Nehru who was the first prime minister of India. She served as her father personal assistant unofficially before be flood tide the Prime Minister of India. After her father death, she was appointive as member of Rajya Sabha (Upper House) and appointed as the Minister of Information and Broadcasting. Finally with the help of the Congress society President K. Kamaraj, she is able to win the election and finally won the seat as the Prime Minister of India. Moreover, during the year she led the country as Prime Minister, she had helped India to win a war against Pakistan in 1971 and managed to create the independent Bangladesh. Furthermore, her policy of Garibi Hatao (abolish poverty) was instrumental in her victory as well during the election. So from Indira Gandhi, we can see that even thought she is a woman, she managed to be a good leader and even managed to lead India to win a war against Pakistan. This clearly show that female is no weak and they can be as good and strong as male. This had proven that male is not the smartest and strongest. So as long as femal e are given a chance, they might shine and be a good leader as well as a male can. Thus the paraphrase by Vince Lombardi is significant which means Leaders are made and they are not born. They are made by hard effort which is the bell that all of us must pay in order to achieve any goal that is worthwhile.Meanwhile in other field in any case politic, we do have women who are also a leader. For example is Dr.Faust whose existing name is Drew Gilpin Faust is being elected as the first woman president in Harvard University in the year 2007. Moreover, she was also the first doyen for the Radcliffe Institute who guides it to change from a college to a wide-ranging institute for advanced(a) study. In sports wise one of the most famous sportswomen is Billie Jean King who is a professional Tennis player who is known for the Battle of the Sexes in 1973. The battle of sexes was between Billie Jean King and Bobby Rigs who is the former Wimbledon mens single champion. As women, Billie Jean King managed to quiver down Bobby Rigs and emerged as the victorious. Moreover, King became the first woman who managed to make more than $100,000 a year in tennis and was the Associated Presss Woman Athlete of the Year in 1967 and 1973. She was also the Sports Illustrateds Sportswoman of the year in 1972. Moreover, King is also the breach of the Women Sports Foundation, and the Women Tennis Association. Furthermore, King was also the first openly lesbian major sports figures when she came out in 1981. Besides that, the beating of the Bobby Rigs also helped to change the gender equality issue in sports and all the areas of public life. Thus in the year 2009, she was awarded the Presidential medallion of Freedom by the President of United State Barrack Obama as her contribution had really helped the world to be a better place.Besides these female leader, there are still lots of female leader who are well known such as Benazir Bhutto who was the first female head of the Muslim cou ntry, Rosa Parks the civil right female leader who make racial segregation in United State illegal and Margaret Thatcher who is the Prime Minister in the Britain and manage to end the cold War. From here we can see that female can also lick and work well in the Political Aspect. Furthermore in the aspect of fashion design, we had Melinda Looi who is a purveyor of fine art and vintage chic. She won a scholarship to La Salle School of fashion in Montreal, Canada. In 1995, she was awarded Malaysia youthful Designer Award in Kuala Lumpur which was also her graduation collection year. Today, Melinda Looi is one of the influential fashion designers who have also sets her design on her world. In the year 2000, Mellooi Creation was formed. It takes the designers creation to greater horizons while also modify the brand. Mellooi Creation Sdn Bhd has been formulated to further develop business opportunities in local anesthetic and international markets.In sum, we can see that these women a re important leader who have reached a great height and have change the world to a better place. They are competent, broad-minded, straightforward and efficient. They show out good judgments while being passionate about their vision too. So in future we hope that they will be more female leader out there to guide and bring the world to be a better place.Female Contribution in the SocietyThere is many contribution of female in our society today. Without them, we may not be able to achieve what we had today. In medical field, we have the famous Dr. Janet Davidson Rowley, who notice the first consistent chromosome translocation in a human crabmeat. Rowley is internationally far-famed for her study in chromosome abnormalities in lymphoma and leukemia. Her discovery had led to the dramatically amend rates of survival for the previously incurable cancers and the development of targeted therapies.Besides Dr. Janet, we had Nancy Goodman Brinker who is the founder of Susan G.Komen for t he cure. It is the world leading breast cancer grass root organization. The organization helps and invested over 1.3 million for research, health services and education since 1982. They had worked with breast cancer survivor and activist to save lives, ensure quality care, empower people and work hard in science and research to find cures. With her help, they had unquestionable new treatment option and a higher chance of vitality for the breast cancer patient and long-term survivors.Meanwhile in the applied science or reconcileion section, women had also provided lots of help and contribution. For example we had bloody shame Jane Montgomery who had made improvements in locomotive wheels in the year 1864 and appliance for punching corrugated metals in the year 1866. Besides that, Evelyn F. French also helped to invent a sound-deadening attachment for railway cars in the year 1880. Meanwhile, Letitia Geer managed to develop the medical syringes in the year 1899. From here we can see that women also helped out in the engineering and invention section.ConclusionIn conclusion, we do not agree with the statement that Male are smarter than female as through our research we found out that there are also female who is smarter and better leader than the male. The reason they cant be a leader is due to the gender discrimination at workplace as there is a Glass Ceiling that is preventing them from advancing. However, over the recent year due to modernization, women are starting to be conscious and know their role. They do not only stay in the house but started to work and fight for the management role with the male. This had clearly showed that modernization had clearly made an violation on socialization by changing the norm of society on how they perceive the female. Moreover, because the change in socialization, the female is starting to be more confident and believe that they too can be a great leader. Female can be a good leader no matter in what field as we can see from Indira Gandhi who led the nation to win against the war with Pakistan. From here we can see that female can take up any challenge or work that male may take and some of them may out beat the male. Moreover, over the recent year, more and more female are coming out to contest on political position or the corporation management position. Besides that, modernization is also bringing a stronger democracy where social systems will be more numerous and specialized and rivalry will be more and more prevalent. This will also make the socialization to change from time to time to follow up with the modern society need and requirement as the society will start to be more and more competitive regardless whether they are female or male.